How Do We See Color?
The human eye perceives different colors based on the wavelength of light. When light enters the eye, it is absorbed by a light-sensitive molecule called...
Light Can Bounce Off of Light
Yes, light can interact with other light particles, although the effect is very rare. Light is made up of small quantum objects called photons,...
Why Light Microscopes Can Not See (Most) Viruses
Light microscopes are limited in their ability to see viruses due to their small size, which is typically around 150 nanometers[1][5]. However, recent advances in...
Five Pillars of Civilization: Spoken Language, Writing, Numbers, Scientific Method and Calorie Surplus
The Five Pillars of Civilization are commonly believed to be the foundations upon which human societies have developed and thrived throughout history. These pillars represent...
What is Freethought?
Isn’t all thought free? Who charges for it and where do they put the meter? The philosophical view of freethought holds that beliefs should be...
Science Minute: The Laws of Thermodynamics
The laws of thermodynamics are four fundamental principles that govern the behavior of energy in physical systems. They describe how energy is transferred and transformed....
Understanding Substances That Expand When Frozen
Understanding fundamental concepts in science may be required to avoid human extinction. Therefore, we are including some basic concepts here. When we think of...
List of Known Antiviral Drugs
When this list was compiled, the world was facing a 2020 virus pandemic which was just about to hit the USA full force. This is...
What Protects Bats from Viruses they Transmit?
Bats have evolved a number of physiological adaptations that protect them from the viruses they transmit to other mammals. These adaptations include: 1. Flight: Bats...
What Makes a Theory Non-Falsifiable?
A theory is considered non-falsifiable when it cannot be tested or proven wrong through empirical evidence. This means that no matter what results or observations...